Setting up a business in Senegal is a relatively straightforward process, taking approximately 10 days for completion. The country offers a dynamic and welcoming environment for entrepreneurs, with a growing economy and a strong emphasis on business development. Senegal provides various business structures to cater for different types of companies, ranging from sole proprietorships to more complex entities such as limited liability companies (LLCs) and joint-stock companies. The procedure for setting up a business is designed to be efficient and user-friendly, ensuring that entrepreneurs and investors can quickly register and begin operations. In addition, the government has streamlined many aspects of business registration, making it easier for both local and international investors to comply with legal and tax requirements. This ease of doing business is one of the key reasons why Senegal has become an attractive destination for startups and established businesses alike, with a variety of incentives and support programs available to foster growth and development in the country.

Steps for Business Registration

Step 1- Choose a business Structure

Selecting the right business structure is a crucial first step when setting up a business in Senegal. The legal framework offers a variety of structures, each with distinct advantages and requirements. Your choice will depend on factors such as the size of your business, the number of partners involved, the level of liability you are willing to assume, and your capital investment.

Below are the main business structures available in Senegal, along with their key characteristics:

• Sole Proprietorship: A business owned by a single individual.
• Limited Liability Company (LLC) (Société à Responsabilité Limitée – SARL): Requires a minimum capital of 100,000 CFA.
• Public Limited Company (PLC) (Société Anonyme – SA): Requires a minimum capital of 10 million CFA, with a quarter paid up at the start and the rest over three years.
• Branch Office: For foreign companies wishing to operate in Senegal.
• Economic Interest Grouping (GIE): A partnership of two or more businesses with a common goal.

Each structure has its unique requirements in terms of partners, liability, capital, and registration formalities. It is essential to choose the right structure based on your business’s size, objectives, and operations.

General Required Documents (Applicable to all business structures)

1. Company Name Approval:

• Proof of availability of the proposed business name from the Court (free of charge).

1. Identification Documents:

• Valid identification of the company’s founders and directors (e.g., passport, national ID).
• Proof of residence of the company’s directors/shareholders (e.g., utility bill, lease agreement).

1. Company Bylaws (Articles of Association):

• Drafted and notarized by a notary public (required for all business structures, except sole proprietorships). The document should include the company name, objectives, share capital, management structure, and other relevant details.

1. Tax Identification Number (TIN):

• Application to the Senegalese Revenue Authority for a Tax Identification Number (TIN).
• Supporting documents: Articles of Association and personal identification documents.

1. Registered Office Address:

• A registered office address in Senegal. If the company does not have an office, an auditor or lawyer’s address can be used temporarily.

Additional Requirements for Business Registration (Based on type of business structure)

1. Sole Proprietorship:

• Requires only one person who is the proprietor.
• No capital required.
• Partner’s liability is unlimited and extends to the entrepreneur’s personal property

2. Limited Liability Company (SARL):

• Proof of a minimum capital deposit of 100,000 CFA in a local bank or public notary.
• A qualified local auditor to maintain the books of accounts. A qualified local auditor to maintain its books of accounts (in French) at its registered office in Senegal. The auditor must be a member of the National Order of Chartered Accountants and Chartered Accountants of Senegal (ONECCA).
• The company is run by a manager (who can be a partner) chosen by the partners.

3. Public Limited Company (SA):

• Proof of a minimum capital deposit of 10 million CFA, with at least one-quarter paid up at the time of registration.
• A qualified local auditor to maintain its books of accounts (in French) at its registered office in Senegal. The auditor must be a member of the National Order of Chartered Accountants and Chartered Accountants of Senegal (ONECCA).
• A minimum of one director and a shareholder.

4. Branch Office (for Foreign Companies):

• Proof of parent company registration in the home country.
• Appointment of a local director in Senegal.
• No paid capital is required
• Proof of registration of the parent company with the Chamber of Commerce or similar institution in the home country.

5. Economic Interest Grouping (GIE):

• Requires a Partnership Agreement which is a documentation outlining the agreement between the partners.
• The company is managed by a President.
• Minimum of two partners must sign the agreement.
• Requires no minimum capital at the start-up

Step 2- Conduct a name search

The most critical step in business registration is selecting a suitable and unique business name. The name must be relevant to the business activity, easy to read, and distinguishable from existing businesses. It is necessary to check the availability of your chosen name at the Court, which can be done free of charge.

The following are some of the features to consider when choosing a business name;

• Uniqueness
• Meaningful
• Relevant to business activity
• Readability

Also, it is required that intended names for business registration are checked at the Court to ascertain the availability of the name before the application process is initiated. This can only be done at the court at no charge.

Step 3 – Deposit Minimum Capital in a bank

Once the business structure is chosen, the next step involves depositing the required minimum paid-up capital with a bank. This can also be done through a public notary. The capital is typically released once the business is officially registered at the Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier (RCCM).

Step 4 – Draft and Notarize Company Bylaws

Draft and Notarize company bylaws or Articles of Association. This is a legal document that outlines the rules and regulations governing your business. It includes information such as the company’s name, business objectives, share capital, management structure, and other relevant information. It is important to draft the Articles of Association carefully and seek legal advice to ensure compliance with Senegalese laws. A public notary is required to notarize company bylaws /Articles and deposit subscribed capital at a bank. The procedure takes three (3) days if the notary public prepares the articles of association and a day if notary only signs. It is required that only the notary public signs and/or prepares the company by laws. The statutes can be drafted either by a notary public, provided that the authorized signatures are notarized. If by notarial act, the notary must;

• Establish the statutes (if the promoter has not done so) and issue the declaration of conformity
• Register the statutes and declare the existence of the company with the tax authorities.

The promoter may ask the notary to complete additional formalities, such as commercial registration at the court to obtain the company identification number.

Step 5 – Obtain a Tax Identification Number (TIN)

All businesses that intend to register and operate in Senegal are required to obtain a Tax Identification Number (TIN) from the Senegalese Revenue Authority. The TIN is a unique identification number that is used for tax purposes. To obtain a TIN, you need to submit an application to the Senegalese Revenue Authority along with supporting documents such as the Articles of Association and identification documents.

Step 6 – Register with the Senegalese Registrar of Companies

Senegal operates a one-stop shop for company registration, simplifying the process for entrepreneurs which is the Registrar of Companies. It is at the Registrar of Companies that all business registration and TIN forms are submitted for the business registration. The various government agencies at the Registrar of Companies include the tax authority, the commercial registry (RCCM), and the labor authority. This system streamlines registration process to make it easier and more efficient. Since November 2007, all business registration procedures can be completed in a single location, allowing for faster and more efficient processing.

Step 7 – Secure a Business License

After registering your company, it is mandatory to obtain a business license from the relevant local authorities. The type of business license required depends on the nature of your business. It is advisable to consult the relevant authorities early in the process to ensure compliance and avoid delays.

Step 8 – Register with Social Security and Pension Funds

In addition to tax registration and business licenses, all companies in Senegal must also register with the Social Security Fund (Caisse de Sécurité Sociale – CSS) and the Pension Fund (Institut de Prévoyance Retraite – IPRES). This ensures that employees are covered by the country’s social security and pension schemes, which are vital for employee welfare and compliance with labor laws.

Cost of Registration of a company

Fees, for firms with a capital lower than 10,000,000 FCFA, the applicant needs to pay:

• Registration fees: XOF 27,000 (XOF 25,000 for the statutes and XOF 2,000 for the subscription declaration)

• Court Registrar fees: XOF 30,000 if the capital is XOF 1 000 000 + XOF 90 for any other XOF 1,000,000 of capital.

The cost for notarization of company bylaws is XOF130,000 for a limited liability with a share capital between XOF 5,000,000 and XOF 8,000,000.

Conclusion

Senegal’s stable political environment, strategic location, and growing economy make it an attractive destination for businesses looking to expand into the West African market. With its robust infrastructure, favorable business climate, and clear regulatory framework, Senegal provides an ideal platform for both local and foreign entrepreneurs.

Registering a business in Senegal is a relatively simple and fast process that can be completed within 10 days. By following the clear steps outlined above, entrepreneurs can quickly navigate the registration process and begin operations in one of Africa’s most promising economies. Whether you are in the oil and gas sector, agriculture, tourism, or any other industry, Senegal offers diverse opportunities for growth and success. The combination of political stability, a growing economy, and strong international trade relations makes Senegal a promising place to launch or expand a business in West Africa.

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